{"id":5033,"date":"2016-12-09T16:38:25","date_gmt":"2016-12-10T00:38:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nnlm.gov\/evaluation\/blog\/?p=5033"},"modified":"2019-09-24T10:13:28","modified_gmt":"2019-09-24T17:13:28","slug":"tis-the-season-to-do-some-qualitative-interviewing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.nnlm.gov\/nec\/2016\/12\/09\/tis-the-season-to-do-some-qualitative-interviewing\/","title":{"rendered":"&#8216;Tis the Season to Do Some Qualitative Interviewing!"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>For most of us, the end-of-year festivities are in full swing. We get to enjoy holiday treats. Lift a wine glass with colleagues, friends, and loved ones. Step back from the daily grind and enjoy some light-hearted holiday fun.<\/p>\n<p>Or, we could take these golden holiday social events to work on our qualitative interviewing skills! That\u2019s right. \u00a0I want to invite you to participate in another NEO\u2019s holiday challenge: The Qualitative Interview challenge. (You can read about our Appreciative Inquiry challenge <a href=\"https:\/\/nnlm.gov\/evaluation\/blog\/2016\/11\/23\/the-appreciative-inquiry-holiday-challenge\/\">here<\/a>.)<\/p>\n<p>If you are a bit introverted and overwhelmed in holiday situations, this challenge is perfect for you. It will give you a mission: a task to take your mind off that social awkwardness you feel in large crowds. (Please tell me I\u2019m not the only one!) If, on the other hand, you are more of a life-of-the-party guest, this challenge will help you talk less and listen more.\u00a0 Other party-goers will love you and you might learn something.<\/p>\n<p>Here\u2019s your challenge.\u00a0 Jot down some good conversational questions that fit typical categories of qualitative interview questions.\u00a0 Commit a couple questions to memory before you hit a party. Use those questions to fuel conversations with fellow party-goers and see if you get the type of information you were seeking.<\/p>\n<p>To really immerse yourself in this challenge, create a chart with the six categories of questions. (I provided an example below) \u00a0When your question is successful (i.e., you get the type of information you wanted), give yourself a star. \u00a0Sparkly star stickers are fun, but you can also simply draw stars beside the questions. Your goal is to get at least one star in each category by midnight on December 31.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><a href=\"\/neo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/12\/Holiday-challenge.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-5034\" src=\"\/neo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/12\/Holiday-challenge-230x300.jpg\" alt=\"Holiday challenge chart, There is a holiday border around a table-style chartt with the six categories of questions, the five extra credit techniques, and blank cells for stars\" width=\"490\" height=\"639\" align=\"right\" hspace=\"10\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>According to qualitative researcher\/teacher extraordinaire Michael Q. Patton, there are six general categories of qualitative interview questions. \u00a0Here are categories:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Experience or behavior questions:<\/em> Ask people to tell you a story about something they experienced or something they do. For unique experiences, you might say \u201cDescribe your best holiday ever.\u201d You could ask about more routine behavior, such as \u201cWhat traditions do you try to always celebrate during the holidays?\u201d<\/li>\n<li><em>Sensory questions: <\/em>Sensory questions are similar to experience questions, but they focus on what people see, hear, feel, smell, or taste. Questions about holiday meals or vacation spots will likely elicit sensory answers.<\/li>\n<li><em>Opinion and value questions:<\/em> If you ask people what they think about something, you will hear their opinions and values. When Charlie Brown asked \u201cWhat is the true meaning of Christmas?\u201d he was posing a value\/opinion question.<\/li>\n<li><em>Emotions questions:<\/em> Here, you ask people to express their emotional reactions.\u00a0Emotions questions can be tricky. In my experience, most people are better at expressing opinions than emotions, so be prepared to follow up.\u00a0 For example, if you ask me \u201cWhat do you dislike about the holiday season?\u201d I might say \u201cI don\u2019t like gift-shopping.\u201d\u00a0 \u00a0\u201cLike\u201d is more of an opinion word than an emotion word. You want me to reach past my brain and into my heart. So you could follow-up with \u201cHow do you feel when you\u2019re shopping for holiday gifts?\u201d\u00a0 I might say \u201cThe crowds frustrate and exhaust me\u201d or \u201cI feel stressed out trying to find perfect gifts on a deadline.\u201c Now I have described my emotions around gift-shopping. Give yourself a star!<\/li>\n<li><em>Knowledge questions:<\/em> These questions seek factual information. For example, you might ask for tried-and-true advice to make holiday travel easier. If answers include tips for getting through airport security quickly or the location of clean gas station bathrooms on the PA Turnpike, you asked a successful knowledge question.<\/li>\n<li><em>Background and demographic questions:<\/em> These questions explore how factors such as ethnicity, culture, socio-economic status, occupation, or religion affect one\u2019s experiences and world view. What foods do their immigrant grandparents cook for New Year\u2019s celebrations every year?\u00a0 What is it like to be single during the holidays? How do religious beliefs or practices affect their approach to the holidays? These are examples of background\/demographic questions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>To take this challenge up a notch, try to incorporate the following techniques while practicing interview skills over egg nog.<\/p>\n<p><em>Ask open-ended questions. <\/em>Closed-ended questions can be answered with a word or phrase.\u00a0 \u201cDid you like the movie?\u201d\u00a0 The answer \u201cYes\u201d or \u201cNo\u201d is a comprehensive response to that question. \u00a0\u00a0An open-ended version of this question might be \u201cDescribe \u00a0a good movie you saw recently.\u201d \u00a0If you phrased your question so that your conversation partner had to string together words or sentences to form an answer, give yourself an extra star.<\/p>\n<p><em>Pay attention to question sequence:<\/em>\u00a0 The easiest questions for people to answer are those that ask them to tell a story. The act of telling a story helps people get in touch with their opinions and feelings about something.\u00a0 Also, once you have respectfully listened to their story, they will feel more comfortable sharing opinions and feelings with you. So break the ice with experience questions.<\/p>\n<p><em>Wait for answers: <\/em>\u00a0Sometimes we ask questions, then don\u2019t wait for a response.\u00a0 Some people have to think through an answer completely before they talk out loud. Those seconds of silence make me want to jump in with a rephrased question. The problem is, you\u2019ll start the clock again as they contemplate the new version of your question. To hold myself back, I try to pay attention to my own breathing while maintaining friendly eye contact.<\/p>\n<p><em>Connect and support: <\/em>You get another star if you listened carefully enough to accurately reflect their answers back to them. This is called reflective listening.\u00a0 If you want a fun tutorial on how to listen, check out<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ted.com\/talks\/julian_treasure_5_ways_to_listen_better\"> Julian Treasure\u2019s<\/a> TEDtalk.<\/p>\n<p>Some of you are likely thinking\u00a0\u201cThanks but no thanks for this holiday challenge.\u201d Maybe it seems too much like work. Maybe you plan to avoid social gatherings like the plague this season.\u00a0 Fair enough.\u00a0 All of the tips apply to bona fide qualitative interviews. When planning and conducting qualitative interviews, remember to include questions that target different types of information. Make your questions open-ended and sequence them so they are easy to answer. \u00a0Listen carefully and connect with your interviewee by reflecting back what you heard.<\/p>\n<p>Regardless of whether you take up the challenge or not, I wish you happy holidays full of fun and warm conversations.<\/p>\n<p>My source for interview question types and interview techniques was \u00a0<em>Patton MQ. Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods.\u00a0 4<sup>th<\/sup> ed.\u00a0 Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2015.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>For most of us, the end-of-year festivities are in full swing. We get to enjoy holiday treats. Lift a wine glass with colleagues, friends, and loved ones. Step back from the daily grind and enjoy some light-hearted holiday fun. Or, we could take these golden holiday social events to work on our qualitative interviewing skills!&#8230; <a href=\"https:\/\/news.nnlm.gov\/nec\/2016\/12\/09\/tis-the-season-to-do-some-qualitative-interviewing\/\">Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2959,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5033","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p8ICUo-1jb","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.nnlm.gov\/nec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5033","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.nnlm.gov\/nec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.nnlm.gov\/nec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.nnlm.gov\/nec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2959"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.nnlm.gov\/nec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5033"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/news.nnlm.gov\/nec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5033\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6558,"href":"https:\/\/news.nnlm.gov\/nec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5033\/revisions\/6558"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.nnlm.gov\/nec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5033"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.nnlm.gov\/nec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5033"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.nnlm.gov\/nec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5033"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}