{"id":733,"date":"2012-07-24T09:55:59","date_gmt":"2012-07-24T16:55:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/nnlm.gov\/evaluation\/blog\/?p=733"},"modified":"2019-09-24T10:17:05","modified_gmt":"2019-09-24T17:17:05","slug":"how-to-analyze-qualitative-data-utilizing-grounded-theory-to-explore-the-information-seeking-behavior-of-senior-nursing-students-duncan-v-holtslander-l-j-med-lib-assoc-1001-january-201220-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.nnlm.gov\/nec\/2012\/07\/24\/how-to-analyze-qualitative-data-utilizing-grounded-theory-to-explore-the-information-seeking-behavior-of-senior-nursing-students-duncan-v-holtslander-l-j-med-lib-assoc-1001-january-201220-2\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Analyze Qualitative Data"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3257490\/?tool=pmcentrez\">&#8220;Utilizing grounded theory to explore the information-seeking behavior of senior nursing students.&#8221; Duncan V; Holtslander, L.\u00a0 J Med Lib Assoc 100(1) January 2012:20-27<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>In this very practical article, the authors describe the steps they took to analyze qualitative data from written records that nursing students kept about their experiences with finding information in the CINAHL database.\u00a0 They point out that, although the ideal way to gather data about student information seeking behavior would be via direct observation, that approach is not always practical.\u00a0 Also, self-reporting via surveys and interviews may create bias because members of sample populations might \u201ccensor themselves instead of admitting an information need.\u201d\u00a0 For this study, students were asked to document their search process using an electronic template that included \u201cprompts such as resource consulted, reason for choice, terms searched, outcome, comments, and sources consulted (people).\u201d<\/p>\n<p>After reviewing these searching journals, the authors followed up with interviews.<\/p>\n<p>The \u201cData analysis and interpretation\u201d section of this article provides a clear, concise description of the grounded theory approach to analyzing qualitative data using <strong>initial<\/strong>, <strong>focused<\/strong>, and <strong>theoretical<\/strong> coding using the nVivo 8 software.\u00a0 [Note, as of this writing, the latest version is <a href=\"http:\/\/www.qsrinternational.com\/products_nvivo.aspx\">nVivo 10<\/a>]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Initial<\/strong> codes:\u00a0 \u201cparticipants\u2019 words were highlighted to create initial codes that reflected as closely as possible the participants\u2019 own words.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><strong>Focused<\/strong> codes:\u00a0 \u201cmore directed, selective, and conceptual than word-by-word, line-by-line, and incident-by-incident coding.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><strong>Theoretical<\/strong> codes:\u00a0 focused codes were compared and contrasted \u201cin order to develop the emerging theory of the information-seeking process.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The authors reviewed the coding in follow-up interviews with participants to check the credibility of their findings:\u00a0 \u201cThe central theme that united all categories and explained most of the variation among the data was \u2018discovering vocabulary.\u2019\u201d\u00a0 They recommend \u201cteaching strategies to identify possible words and phrases to use\u201d when searching for information.<\/p>\n<p>You can do this even if you don&#8217;t have access to nVivo 8 software.\u00a0 Here\u2019s an illustration: \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/nnlm.gov\/evaluation\/booklets\/booklet3\/booklet3_qual_step_three.pdf\">Summarize and Analyze Your Data<\/a>&#8221; from\u00a0the OERC&#8217;s\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/nnlm.gov\/evaluation\/booklets\/booklet3.html#booklet\">Collecting and Analyzing Evaluation Data<\/a> booklet.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;Utilizing grounded theory to explore the information-seeking behavior of senior nursing students.&#8221; Duncan V; Holtslander, L.\u00a0 J Med Lib Assoc 100(1) January 2012:20-27. In this very practical article, the authors describe the steps they took to analyze qualitative data from written records that nursing students kept about their experiences with finding information in the CINAHL&#8230; <a href=\"https:\/\/news.nnlm.gov\/nec\/2012\/07\/24\/how-to-analyze-qualitative-data-utilizing-grounded-theory-to-explore-the-information-seeking-behavior-of-senior-nursing-students-duncan-v-holtslander-l-j-med-lib-assoc-1001-january-201220-2\/\">Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2959,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-733","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p8ICUo-bP","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.nnlm.gov\/nec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/733","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.nnlm.gov\/nec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.nnlm.gov\/nec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.nnlm.gov\/nec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2959"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.nnlm.gov\/nec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=733"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/news.nnlm.gov\/nec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/733\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6618,"href":"https:\/\/news.nnlm.gov\/nec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/733\/revisions\/6618"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.nnlm.gov\/nec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=733"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.nnlm.gov\/nec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=733"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.nnlm.gov\/nec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=733"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}